东大大学英语（统考）在线练习题11(客观题)答案满分答案
1. The appeal of advertising to buying motives can have both negative and positive effects. Consumers may be convinced to buy a product of poor quality or high price because of an advertisement. For example, some advertisers have appealed to people’s desire for better fuel economy for their cars by advertising automotive products that improve gasoline mileage. Some of the products work. Others are worthless and a waste of consumers’ money.
Sometimes advertising is intentionally misleading. A few years ago a brand of bread was offered to dieters（节食者）with the message that there were fewer calories（热量单位，大卡）in every slice. It turned out that the bread was not dietetic（适合于节食的）, but just regular bread. There were fewer calories because it was sliced very thin, but there were the same number of calories in every loaf.
On the positive side, emotional appeals may respond to a consumer’s real concerns. Consider fire insurance. Fire security of knowing that property is protected by insurance makes the purchase of fire insurance a worthwhile investment for most people. If consumers consider the quality of the insurance plans as well as the message in the ads, they will benefit from the advertising.
Each consumer must evaluate her or his own situation. Are the benefits of the product important enough to justify buying it? Advertising is intended to appeal to consumers, but it does not force them to buy the product. Consumers still control the final buying decision. 1). Advertising can persuade the consumer to buy worthless products by _________.
A. keeping a balance between quality and price
B. convincing him of their low price
C. appealing to his buying motives
D. stressing their high quality
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2). The reason why the bread advertisement is misleading is that ________.
A. the total number of calories in the loaf remained the same
B. thin slices of bread could contain more calories
C. the loaf was cut into regular slices
D. the bread was not real bread
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3). The passage tells us that _______.
A. advertisements occasionally force consumers into buying things they don’t need
B. the buying motives of consumers are controlled by advertisements
C. sometimes advertisements really sell what the consumer needs
D. fire insurance is seldom a worthwhile investment
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4). It can be inferred from the passage that a smart consumer should _________.
A. be familiar with various advertising strategies
B. think carefully about the benefits described in the advertisements
C. guard against the deceiving nature of advertisements
D. avoid buying products that have strong emotional appeal
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5). The passage is mainly about ________.
A. ways to protect the interests of the consumer
B. how to make a wise buying decision
C. the function of advertisements in promoting sales
D. the positive and negative aspects of advertising
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2. People living on parts of the south coast of England face a serious problem. In 1993, the owners of a large hotel and of several houses discovered, to their horror, that their gardens had disappeared overnight. The sea had eaten into the soft limestone cliffs on which they had been built. While experts were studying the problem, the hotel and several houses disappeared altogether, sliding down the cliff and into the sea.
Erosion（侵蚀）of the white cliffs along the south coast of England has always been a problem but it has become more serious in recent years. Dozens of homes have had to be abandoned as the sea has crept farther and farther inland. Experts have studied the areas most affected and have drawn up a map for local people, forecasting the year in which their homes will be swallowed up by the hungry sea.
Angry owners have called on the Government to erect sea defenses to protect their homes. Government surveyors have pointed out that in most cases, this is impossible. New sea walls would cost hundreds of millions of pounds and would merely make the waves and currents go further along the coast, shifting the problem from one area to another. The danger is likely to continue, they say, until the waves reach an inland area of hard rock which will not be eaten as limestone is. Meanwhile, if you want to buy a cheap house with an uncertain future, apply to a house agent in one of the threatened areas on the south coast of England. You can get a house for a knockdown price but it may turn out to be a knockdown home. 1). What is the cause of the problem that people living on parts of the south coast of England face?
A. The rising of the sea level.
B. The experts’ lack of knowledge.
C. The washing-away of limestone cliffs
D. The disappearance of hotels, houses and gardens.
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2). The erosion of the white cliffs in the south of England __________.
A. will soon become a problem for people living in central England
B. has now become a threat to the local residents
C. can be stopped if proper measures are taken
D. is quickly changing the map of England
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3). The experts’ study on the problem of erosion to __________.
A. warn people whose homes are in danger
B. provide an effective way to slow it down
C. head to its eventual solution
D. lead to its eventual solution
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4). It is not feasible to build sea defenses to protect against erosion because __________.
A. house agents along the coast do not support the idea
B. it is too costly and will endanger neighbouring areas
C. the government is too slow in taking action
D. they will be easily knocked down by waves and currents
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5). According to the author, when buying a house along the south coast of England, people should _________.
A. take the quality of the house into consideration
B. guard against being cheated by the house agent
C. examine the house carefully before making a decision
D. be aware of the potential danger involved
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